The development history of software of CAM process designing, now, in the future

The development of CAM is an applied achievement that be absorbed ceaselessly and uses CAD and circumjacent and relevant technology, the process of ceaseless development; It is the course that automation, intelligence changes a level to rise ceaselessly; It is CAM construction of system and basic processing means the process that develops to the direction that gets used to a project to turn an idea ceaselessly.  2.

Basic processing means of the system, namely the target object of process designing changes water equality to having conclusive effect to systematic structure, intelligence. CAM system is in APT times, the target object of process designing is calculated directly cutter track contrail. System of the 2nd acting CAM is the target object of process designing with CAD model, generate cutter track contrail automatically. Consequently systematic automation, intelligence changed a level to get rising substantially, systematic operation also more accord with a project to turn an idea.  3.

The basic processing form that system of the 2nd acting CAM is target object with the local geometry feature of CAD model has become what level of intelligence, automation develops further to restrict an element. Break through current inherent pattern only, develop the CAM system of new generation: Face the model, CAM system that faces craft feature namely, ability turns the automation of CAM, intelligence the level to raise a new height quite.  4.

Can foreknow the system of new generation CAM of be pregnant with, mature, development will use the object-oriented, basic processing that faces craft feature means, make automation level of the system, intelligence changes degree to rise greatly. Construction of system exists independence at system of CAD, CAPP, the development that is CAPP leaves a space, more accord with a network compositive the requirement that change. 2, the CAM of innovation direction  of CAM regards applied sex, practicality as extremely powerful professional technology, face numerical control directly production is actual. Producing effective demand is the impulsion of all technology development and innovation. The difference between as the applied current situation that the analysis sums up current CAM, effective as production demand and its reason, new technology, new technology is right development of the special need of CAM and relevant periphery technology and requirement, conduce to understand better henceforth the development trend of CAM.  1.

The applied current situation of CAM and with the difference between effective demand the practicality because of application is stronger, specialization division of labor is clearer, overall and character, of CAM specialization the development of CAD of horizontal prep above. Review the CAM system that takes dominant place now, no matter its interface stand or fall, function is strong weak, put in the flaw with common move.  (1)CAD/CAM mixes the function of CAD of  of system of construction of system that change and CAM function across to use, not be the process designing form that faces integral model, craft feature needs by artificial extraction, or need farther CAD to handle generation. The formation of this construction system is historical child. Old before, compositive system especially the main body mind that the idea with compositive network has not made a system develop, of the model build nod in same ground with process designing by same handlers is finished. Can create the problem that be as follows from this.  1) is incommensurate current and compositive the module of the requirement system that change distributings, the function emphasizes particularly on must match with photograph of distribution of the constituent form of the enterprise, production. The system mixes change do not be equal to compositive change, more go against a network compositive the implementation that change.  2) does not suit contemporary company to specialization the requirement  of division of labor mixes change a system, cannot realize the division of labor of design and treatment on management, increased the difficulty of manufacturing management and division of labor, also greatly block up intelligence is changed, of automation level rise. Additional, mix change systematic requirement handlers in CAD and CAM two respects should have deep setting and experience ability to complete the work well, increased study control and the difficulty of use system. The practice that requires 1 ～ 3 years commonly just can become competent CAM operate personnel, caused huge to the management of company person with ability negative effect.  3) leaves space and possibility without the progress that gives CAPP  is well-known, CAPP is the bridge with CAD/CAM compositive unifinication, CAD/CAPP/CAM mixes the intelligence that turned a system to decide to realize CAM impossibly forever and automation. The standardization rate that produces technology because of making a living is low, be produced the effect of the element such as equipment, cutting tool, management, up to now neither one is mature, it is the commercial CAPP system of inferential mechanism in order to achieve into law or derive law. CAPP changed direction to be similar to development environment kind the development of software system and research. But the success application that waits for a technology as enterprise CAD, CAM, of craft library, knowledge base perfect, CAPP also can have corresponding development in the future. The unifinication that goes up in order to realize CAD/CAPP/CAM by scientific import stage by stage is compositive. And the unifinication that mixes the system that change to go up from the structure is compositive. And the hidden trouble that mixed the system that change to stay to cannot be made up for for the development henceforth from the structure.  (2) faces curved surface, it is  of basic processing means with local treatment current CAM system is system of curved surface CAM commonly, it is the processing kind that faces local treatment, and CNC Machining is it is a result with the model, it is the project process of core with craft. Should adopt face the integral model, processing kind that faces craft feature. This kind of processing means that is not a project to turn an idea can be caused for certain a series of problem.  1) cannot use the geometrical information of CAD model effectively, cannot draw the craft feature of the model automatically, can extract artificially only, rely on new imitate computation to obtain necessary control information even, increased the sex of loaded down with trivial details of the operation undoubtedly, affected process designing quality and efficiency. The automation rate that causes a system and intelligence change rate very low. Means of computation of  2) local treatment leans artificial or semi-automatic undertake copy cuts processing too, because not be to face integral model to be process designing object, the system is done not have from go up at all had put an end to the possibility that cuts phenomenal generation, do not suit the new technology such as high speed treatment to issue pair of safe requirements in high speed condition consequently.  2.

The problem CAD/CAPP/CAM need that current CAM applies on manufacturing organization and management is compositive on iformation flow an organic whole, without seam join, but often oversight the enterprise asks on manufacturing organization and management CAD, CAPP, CAM is applying function of personnel of circumstance, operation, system to go up according to manufacturing distribution reasonable arrangement. The success application of network technology had laid a foundation for this. CAM system and operation personnel are far from manufacturing site, because do not understand spot circumstance to cause,cause not due repeatedly, wasted time, reduced efficiency, create waste product even. The CAM system of  tradition asks to operate personnel to have deep technology knowledge background not only, still need to have very high CAD application skill. Need commonly 1 groom technically to 3 months introduction, the 1 practice that comes 3 years just can become competent staff member. Gain ground to the application of CAM it is difficult to caused huge, make CAM mothball personnel is not worth badly, cause a talent to compete consequently team of unusually intense, production is not stable, produce serious talented person to manage a problem, the broad state-operated enterprise of our country, the case is more severe. The Yi Xueyi of urgent need new generation uses reason company, gain ground easily, tall intelligence is changed, professional strong CAM system. 3.

Manufacturing industry new technology is beyond question to the special requirement  of CAM, in recent years the biggest heat of manufacturing industry new technology is high speed processing technique. Consider to make clear according to newest craft, high speed processing technique is in simplify manufacturing technology and working procedure, reduce follow-up processing workload, improve treatment efficiency, increase a few respects such as exterior quality, can improve product quality greatly, reduce production cost, shorten production is periodic. High speed processing technique also raised new special requirement to CAM.  (treatment of high speed of  of 1) security demand uses rate of quantity of small cutting deepness, small cutting, tall feed, the general cutting speed that the feature machines (F is worth) the 10 times above that machines for the tradition (F can achieve 2000 ～ 8000mm/min) , below condition of high speed feed, once had happened to cut, geometrical interference, consequence will be disastrous, reason security demand is the first. Traditional CAM system leans artificial or semi-automatic had prevented cut processing way, not from go up at all had put an end to those who cut a phenomenon to happen. The element of the person such as the heart of attentive, responsibility that relies on handlers is ensured without safety. Cannot satisfy high speed to machine the main demand of security so.  (the smooth sex that 2) craft sex asks  high speed machines requirement cutter track, the pointed role that prevents cutter track contrail (cutter track swerve) , avoid empty knife cutting as far as possible, decrease cut / cut etc, system of reason requirement CAM has the intelligence that is based on leftover model to change an analysis to handle light of function, cutter track to arrange change processing function, accord with high speed to machine craft optimize processing function and feed (F is worth) optimize processing function (cutting optimizes processing) etc. Process the system of high-grade numerical control of equipment to get used to high speed, CAM should support technology of newest NURBS process designing.  (3) is efficient requirement  is efficient reflect in two respects: Of 1) process designing efficient: The craft sex demand that high speed machines is a lot of higher than traditional CNC Machining, cutter track length is about a hundred times of treatment more traditional, time of general process designing is ambitious at handling time, efficiency of reason process designing already became one of crucial factors that affect overall efficiency. Traditional CAM system uses the process designing means that faces local curved surface, the system cannot offer craft feature automatically, process designing is complex rate is very old, eliminate craft level to process designing personnel besides (main demand) , still ask to have very high use skill. Urgent need has high speed to machine a knowledge base, intelligence changes rate tall, face integral model, system of new generation CAM. The cutter track that 2) optimizes ensures efficient CNC Machining, if be based on the intelligence of leftover model to change process designing to be able to avoid empty knife effectively, feed (F is worth) optimize processing to be able to improve cutting efficiency 30% etc. The place on  put together is narrated, although current CAM system established one's contributions in work for the development of modern manufacturing industry, but use in manufacturing management, operation on the tremendous contradiction that is put in move and effective demand; Go up in the structure, the function specializations etc the system below respect and network is compositive the requirement existence that change is not coordinated badly; Serious obstacle intelligence changes basic processing way, of automation level rise. All these makes the birth of new generation CAM and development are become indispensible. Those who face the kind of the feature that build a model is tremendous and object-oriented, successful in CAD technology, the development that is new generation CAM offerred referenced mode, network technology is CAM specialization depart and system are compositive offerred a possibility. Pass the analysis of above, of system of new generation CAM roughly outline has been shown.  3, the basic structure of new generation CAM and main feature are forecasted 1.

The system of construction of WinTel of  of soft hardware platform of new generation CAM is compared because of superior price performance, the periphery software support of convenient maintenance, superior performance, smooth fact, had replaced UNIX operating system to become the supportive platform of CAD/CAM compositive system. The application of OLE technology and D&M technology will make a system compositive more convenient. The software platform of CAM is undoubted henceforth will be WindowsNT or Windows2000, hardware platform will be high-grade PC or NT workstation series. The PC that controls a system as high-grade NC is changed, of network and CAM specialization the development that changes with intelligence, even the process designing on machine also may have greater progress. 2.

The interfacial form  of system of new generation CAM will abandon henceforth multilayer the interfacial form of menu type, those who replace is Windows interface, the operation is handy, establish a structure with project management, craft management, those who be PDM is compositive lay next foundations. 3.

The basic characteristic  of system of new generation CAM (1) curved surface of CAM bureau cloth is the convention of object-oriented, CAM system  that faces craft feature the architecture of the target will be changed to face integral model (hypostatic) , the structural system that faces craft feature. Systematic aux will be able to asks according to craft quite (CAPP asks) identify automatically and collect all craft features and the area that have specific technology feature, make of CAD/CAPP/CAM compositive change, unifinication, automation, intelligence is changed become a possibility.  (the CAM system of the new generation of CAM system  that the intelligence that 2) is based on knowledge influences can accede not only and intelligence changes judgement craft feature, and have analysis of model contrast, leftover model and judgement function, make cutting tool method more optimize, efficiency is taller. The form that faces integral model at the same time also has what include fixture to workpiece to had been prevented cut, prevent collision to repair a function, enhance the security of the operation, more the craft requirement that accords with high speed treatment, library of the craft library of correlation of photograph of open craft, knowledge base, material and cutting tool library, make technology knowledge is accumulated, study, apply become a possibility.  (the implementation of CAM system  that 3) can run independently and CAD system are separate on the function, compositive below network environment. System of this need CAM must have the intelligence that comparative to change a standard. CAM system does not need function of CAD of have the aid of, undertake process designing automatically according to procedure file, reduced the demand to operating personnel greatly, also make process designing process more the project that accords with CNC Machining changes a requirement.  (4) makes dependency process designing becomes a possibility  dimension the feature of the CAD domain such as design of type of relevant, parameter, modification flexibility, natural hope is gone to by amplify in CAM system. According to author observation, there are two different train of thoughts in the research of this direction, it is a delegate with the PowerMILL of Delcam company and WorkNC, use the processing means that faces craft feature, the automation that the system extracts with craft feature will implement the automation of CAM process designing. After model happening changes, want to press original craft course recount only, revise automatically what realize CAM namely. The new judgement that has craft feature and technology area automatically by the computer is full automatic processing, make dependency process designing becomes a possibility. The product that already had maturity at present appears on the market, the place of industry pattern bound that waits for a developed country for North America, Europe is accepted. Occupy report additionally, in already the concept that the company tries to change parameter directly introduces CAM, turn process designing issue according to saying the means that is same database will solve parameter. According to author understanding, did not see successful applied example and relevant story up to now. From technical angle, the author thinks, hypostatic parameter changes a design is the special concept below finite parameter, CAM is the disperse that undertakes to the model according to craft requirement changes processing, have change indefinitely (or not affirmatory) the character of parameter. Change CAD to having completely different characteristic with parameter consequently. The idea that turns just like parameter cannot succeed all the time ground extend the meaning arrives in curved surface CAD same, the parameter of CAM is changed also will face tremendous difficulty. The project that presses treatment turns an idea, CAM is not with geometrical feature, and should be undertake handling for the target with craft feature. Do not have between geometrical feature and craft feature inevitable, exclusive correlativity, and when geometrical parameter produces change, the change of craft feature does not have dependency, existing the possibility that certain technology feature disappears or new craft feature produces. Want to realize parameter type CAM truly so, need the dependency between pair of geometry parameter and craft feature to enter thorough research, reach exact, and it is exclusive correlativity later, ability comes true truly. So the practical, successful possibility with respect to the system, the author goes up in the technology more apt is former. Probably both meeting reach the same goal by different routes. We pay close attention to hour and eager hope latter can be broken through somewhat on the technology, make CAM technology changes the flight with the qualitative implementation on road in parameter.  (the craft management that 5) provides CAM of more convenient  of craft government measure is the crucial one annulus in numerical control production, also be the main component of PDM. The craft management of system of new generation CAM establishs a structure, revise for craft management and real time offerred a condition. Bannerer CAM system has had CAPP to develop an environment to may edit type craft pattern plate, can undertake by the technologist that has experience or product craft is designed, CAM system can press procedure full automatic batch processing. Additional, the CAM system of new generation should make the craft guidance file of graph Wen Bingmao automatically, can undertake the network is browsed in order to exceed text format.  4.

The CAM system that technology of new generation CAM produces active influence new generation to production and administrative pattern turns the intelligence of CAM, automation, specialization push a new height, satisfy the specific requirement of existing production and management quickly, the introducing that is the same as stylish method also can make manage the change with means corresponding happening, make manufacturing process more normative, more reasonable. The CAM system of new generation is as compositive as CAD system below the network, made full use of CAD geometry information, can press again specialization division of labor, arrange a system to be in reasonably of the space distributing. Reduce the omnibus demand of personnel, rose to specialization requirement, meet those who make operate personnel form produce corresponding change; In the meantime, because CAM system specializations, intelligence is changed, of automation level rise, will bring about plane side process designing (of ShopProgramming) means arisen, change CAM process designing and the phenomenon that machine personnel and spot depart.  passes old technique to accumulate, the preparation that CAM reachs the side such as periphery technology in market demand, theoretical foundation is already mature, we have reason to believe the fervent time that will be CAM technology innovation a few years of henceforth. Regard application as sexual terminal technology, CAM market will be a large number of heroes rises, the situation that a variety of systems coexist, CAM market won't have an overlord forever. Henceforth the development of CAM and go situation, can be by the market demand is decided only. OK and affirmative is, the development of CAM is certainly forward network, major is compositive the way that change develops, it is certainly forward the way of convenient, quick, intelligence, automation develops. CNC Milling CNC Machining