Numerical control technology reachs the development trend shallow analyse of equipment

Time:2023-06-20 10:15:27
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source:ESKRIDGE CNC Machining

Numerical control technology is to use digital information to have pilot technology to mechanical movement and working process, numerical control equipment is the new technology that is a delegate with numerical control technology permeate the Electromechanical unifinication product that fashion to what the tradition makes industry and burgeoning manufacturing industry, namely so called digitlization equips, its technology limits covers a lot of fields: (1) machinery makes a technology; (2) information processing, treatment, transmission technology; (3) automata technology; (Technology of 4) servo drive; (5) sensor technology; (6) software technology. The develops technology of trend numerical control application of technology of 1 numerical control not only brought revolutionary change to traditional manufacturing industry, those who make manufacturing industry becomes industrialization is indicative, and of the ceaseless development as numerical control technology and applied domain expand, his a few essential industries to the national economy and the people's livelihood (IT, car, light industrial, medical treatment) the effect with the mainer and mainer move since development, because these industry place need the digitlization of equipment,already was the big trend of modern development. In light of the tendency that from eye preexistence bound numerical control technology and its equipment develop, its basically study heat has the following sides [1 ～ 4] . 1. The new trend efficiency of technology of 1 high speed, expensive precision work and equipment, quality is advanced the main body of production technology. Technology of high speed, expensive precision work can improve efficiency greatly, increase the quality of the product and class, shorten manufacturing cycle and increase market competition capacity. Label its one of 5 old modern production technologies for seminar of technology of this Japan tip, international production engineering is met (CIRP) one of central research direction that are its 21 centuries certainly. In car industry domain, producing per year 300 thousand production metre is 40 seconds / , and much breed treatment is one of key problems that car equipment must solve; In aviation and domain of space navigation industry, the component that its machine is Baobi and thin muscle more, stiffness is very poor, material is aluminium or aluminium alloy, in tall cutting speed and cutting force only very little state of affairs falls, ability undertakes machining to these muscle, wall. Use preform of large whole aluminium alloy of late " draw out empty " the method will make the large part such as wing, airframe replace many spare partses to pass numerous rivet, bolt and other coupling means to go all out outfit, make the intensity of component part, stiffness and dependability get rising. These are versed in to adding equipment raised the requirement of high speed, high spirit and Gao Rou sex. Exhibit meeting circumstance to look from EMO2001, speed of feed of high speed machining center can amount to 80m/min, taller even, empty traversal speed can amount to 100m/min to control. A lot of car plants on eye preexistence bound, include the company of Shanghai general motors of our country, the product line share that has picked composition of machining center of high speed of in order to replaces modular machine tool. The rate of feed of HyperMach machine tool of American CINCINNATI company is the oldest amount to 60m/min, it is 100m/min quickly, acceleration amounts to 2g, main shaft rotate speed already amounted to 60000r/min. Machine spare parts of aircraft of one thin wall, use 30min only, and same part needs 3h in treatment of milling machine of general high speed, in average milling machine treatment needs 8h; The main shaft speed of the lathe of double main shaft of German DMG company and acceleration amount to 12* respectively! 000r/mm and 1g. Machining precision respect, come nearly 10 years, the treatment precision of machine tool of average level numerical control already raised 5 μ M by 10 μ M, exact form machining center criterion from 3 ～ 5 μ M, raise 1 ～ 1.

5 μ M, and superprecision precision already began enter accept rice stage (0.

01 μ M) . In dependability respect, the MTBF value of device of foreign numerical control already amounted to 6000h above, the MTBF value of servo achieves 30000h above, show very high reliability. To realize high speed, expensive precision work, to it the functional component of form a complete set got rapid development like electric main shaft, linear electric machinery, applied domain expands further. 1.

Rapid development uses treatment of 25 axes linkage and compound treatment machine tool the treatment of 5 axes linkage to spare parts of three-dimensional curved surface, optimal geometry appearance has usable cutting tool cutting, not only bright and clean degree tall, and efficiency also rises substantially. Think commonly, the efficiency of machine tool of linkage of a 5 axes can be equal to machine tool of linkage of 2 3 axes, use cubic nitrogen to change boron to wait especially when exceeding hard data milling cutter to have part of hard steel of temper by dipping in water of high speed milling, treatment of 5 axes linkage can compare treatment of 3 axes linkage to produce taller beneficial result. But because structure of system of numerical control of 5 axes linkage, lead plane is complex,go wait for a reason, its price should compare tower above of machine tool of numerical control of 3 axes linkage multiple, difficulty of technology of together with process designing is greater, restricted the development of machine tool of 5 axes linkage. Current the occurrence as a result of electric main shaft, make the structure of head of compound main shaft that achieves treatment of 5 axes linkage simplifies greatly, its make difficulty and cost be reduced substantially, the price difference of numerical control system is narrow. Because this promoted kind of head of compound main shaft machine tool of 5 axes linkage and compound treatment machine tool (contain 5 treatment machine tool) development. Exhibit in EMO2001 on the meeting, new Japan is versed in the 5 treatment machine tool of machine uses head of compound main shaft, can realize the treatment of the treatment of 4 perpendicular plane and aleatoric angle, make 5 treatment and 5 axes treatment can come true on same table machine tool, still can realize bend cant and the treatment that pour taper hole. German DMG company exhibits DMUVoution series machining center, below clip 5 treatment and treatment of 5 axes linkage can be installed in, can be controlled by CNC system or direct or CAD/CAM is indirect control. 1.

3 intelligence are changed, the main trend that opens type, network to become system of contemporary numerical control to develop the numerical control equipment of 21 centuries will be the system that has certain intelligence to change, the content that intelligence changes includes each fields in numerical control system: Machine the intelligence of efficiency and treatment quality respect to change for pursuit, be like treatment process from adaptive control, craft parameter is generated automatically; Change to improve drive function and the intelligence with use convenient join, of parameter of control of the make a present of before be like, electric machinery suit to discern model of laden and automatic make choice of operation, automatically oneself, rectify oneself wait surely; Simplify process designing, simplify the intelligence that handles a side is changed, the man-machine interface that the automatic process designing that changes like intelligence, intelligence changes; Still intelligence is diagnosed, the diagnosis of the content of intelligent monitoring respect, convenient system and maintenance. To solve traditional numerical control system to close the industrialization of gender and numerical control application software produces the problem of existence. Make multilateral home undertake study to opening system of type numerical control at present, the NGC(TheNextGenerationWork-Station/MachineControl) that is like the United States, Europe in all the OSEC(OpenSystemEnvironmentforController) of the OSACA(OpenSystemArchitectureforControlwithinAutomationSystems) of body, Japan, chinese ONC(OpenNumericalControlSystem) . Numerical control system opens the way that changes the future that has made numerical control system. The development that system of numerical control of alleged and open mode is numerical control system can be on unified moving platform, face machine tool manufacturer and final user, adopt a change, increase or clipping structure object (numerical control function) , form seriation, can mix the special application of the user conveniently technical know-how is compositive in controlling a system, implement the system of open mode numerical control of different breed, different class quickly, fashion the famous brand product that has bright individual character. Library of function of system of the architecture standard that opens system of type numerical control at present, communication standard, configuration standard, moving platform, numerical control and software development tool of function of numerical control system is the core of current research. A Xin Liang that equipment of network numerical control is exposition of nearly two years of world-famous machine tools is nodded. The network that numerical control equips will satisfy the requirement with product line, production system, production compositive to information enterprise greatly, if be made adroitly,also be the production pattern with new implementation, the base that dummy company, whole world creates is unit. Write a numerical control machine tool and production company of numerical control system a few more domestic and internationally to was in nearly two years to roll out relevant new idea and prototype, if be exhibited in EMO2001 in, campstool of Japanese hill Qi is overcome (Mazak) company exhibits " CyberProductionCenter " (intelligent production controls a center, abbreviation CPC) ; Japan rivers bend greatly (Okuma) machine tool company exhibits " ITplaza " (IT square, ) of abbreviation IT square; German Xi Menzi (the OpenManufacturingEnvironment that Siemens) company exhibits (open production environment, abbreviation OME) wait, mirrorred numerical control machine tool to machine the tendency that develops to network direction. 1.

4 take new technology standard, standard seriously build 1.

1 the place before about numerical control system the design develops a standard to be like is narrated, system of open mode numerical control has better versatility, flexible, adaptability, expansibility, the United States, Europe in all the country such as body and Japan carries out the strategy to develop a plan in succession, hand-in-hand travel opens type standard of system of architecture numerical control (the research of OMAC, OSACA, OSEC) and make, 3 the largest economy put oneself in another's position of world are in short-term inside had almost same scientific plan and standard make, adumbrative a of numerical control technology change newly the advent of period. The research of the normative frame of the system of ONC numerical control that our country also began to undertake China 2000 and make. 1.

A kind of 2 trends that controlling a standard about numerical control criterion numeral is development of manufacturing industry informatization. 50 years after numerical control technology is born the information exchange between is to be based on ISO6983 standard, use G namely, m code is described how (How) treatment, its essence feature is to face treatment process, apparent, he already cannot satisfy the need that high speed of technology of contemporary numerical control admits more and more. For this, studying on international and make ISO14649 of a kind of new CNC system level (STEP - NC) , its purpose is the neuter mechanism that provides a kind of Lai Yu notting comply to have systematic gather into one, can describe a product the unified data model inside whole lifecycle, realize whole production process thereby, and even the standardization of information of each industrial domain product. The occurrence likelihood of STEP-NC is revolution of domain of numerical control technology, to the development of numerical control technology and even whole manufacturing industry, will produce far-reaching effect. Above all, STEP-NC offers a kind of brand-new production concept, in traditional production concept, machine program centers NC on individual computer. And fall in new standard, NC program can be dispersedly on Internet, this is the way that numerical control technology opens type, network to develop. Next, system of STEP-NC numerical control still can reduce treatment blueprint greatly (about 75 ％ ) , time of machine program staff (about 35 ％ ) with handling time (about 50 ％ ) . Current, euramerican country takes the research of STEP-NC seriously very much, the IMS that Europe initiated STEP-NC plans (1999.

1 ～ 2001.

12.

31) . Join this plan have the 20 CAD/CAM/CAPP/CNC user that comes from Europe and Japan, manufacturer and academic orgnaization. STEPTools company of the United States is the developer of software of switch of data of the manufacturing industry inside global limits, he had developed the super model that accuses a machine tool to machine information to exchange with be valid (SuperModel) , its target is to use uniform standard to describe all treatment process. At present this kind of new data switch form has been on the archetypal prototype that provided SIEMENS, FIDIA and system of European OSACA-NC numerical control undertook test and verify. The technology of numerical control of basic estimation our country of technology of numerical control of 2 pairs of our country and its estate development starts 1958, development course of nearly 50 years can divide roughly for 3 phase: The first phase arrives from 1958 1979, namely enclosed develop level. In this phase, the limitation of the fundamental condition of the technical block as a result of abroad and our country, the progress of numerical control technology is relatively slow. The 2nd phase is in the country " 65 " , " 75 " during and " 85 " early days, introduce a technology namely, digest absorb, preliminary build homebred change systematic level. In this phase, as a result of the attention of reforming and opening and country, and the improvement that considers to develop environment and international environment, the research of technology of our country numerical control, development and in the product homebred changed a respect to obtain great progress. The 3rd phase is in the country " 85 " later period and " 95 " during, carry out the research of industrialization namely, enter market competition phase. In this phase, the industrialization that our country homebred numerical control equips obtained materiality progress. Be in " 95 " evening, the home market of machine tool of homebred numerical control is had rate amount to 50 ％ , distribute system of homebred numerical control (gain ground model) also achieved 10 ％ . The development course that reviews technology of our country numerical control nearly 50 years, pass 4 5 years to plan especially tackle key problem, obtained the following result on the whole. A.

Laid the foundation that numerical control technology develops, mastered skill of contemporary numerical control basically. Our country mastered basically already now reach its form a complete set from lead plane of drive of numerical control system, servo, numerical control, private plane fundamental technology, among them major technology already had the base that has commercial development, partial technology commercial already, industrialization. B.

Preliminary formed base of numerical control property. Tackling key problem on achievement and the basis with partial commercial technology, built the numerical control in such as China, spaceflight numerical control to wait for the manufacturer of numerical control system that has batch productivity. Factory of Lanzhou electric machinery, China in the first machine tool of a batch of servo such as numerical control and manufacturer of servo electric machinery and Beijing factory, Jinan manufacturers of a certain number of numerical control lead plane such as factory of the first machine tool. These manufacturers formed the base of numerical control property of our country basically. C.

The basic team that built one number to control person with ability of research, development, government. Although in the research of numerical control technology development and industrialization respect obtained great progress, but we also should realise soberly, the research of technology of numerical control of our country high end is developed, the actual demand that is in the technical level current situation of industrialization respect and our country especially still has bigger difference. Although from fore-and-aft the development rate that sees our country is very rapid, but transverse than (contrast with abroad) not only technical level has difference, the in some way develops speed to also have difference, namely the technical level difference that the numerical control of a few high-grade equips has enlarge a trend. Will look from international, be as follows roughly to level of technology of our country numerical control and industrialization level estimation. A.

On technical level, with abroad advanced level lags behind about 10 ～ 15 years, in high-grade technology respect bigger. B.

On industrialization level, the market is had rate is low, breed is enclothed rate is minor, had not formed dimensions to produce; Functional component specializations manufacturing level and whole set ability are inferior; Exterior quality is relatively poor; Reliability is not high, commercial degree is insufficient; System of homebred numerical control has not build his brand effect, user hope is scant. C.

On the capacity that can expand continuously, to the research of technology of the numerical control before competition development, project influences ability weaker; Domain of application of numerical control technology extends strength not strong; The research of relative standard standard, make lag. The analysis is put in the main reason of afore-mentioned difference to have the following sides. A.

Know a side. The characteristic of complexity and arduous to process of estate of homebred numerical control sex, long-term sex knows inadequacy; Add to the block of the non-standard, abroad of the market strangle, the difficult underestimate such as system; To our country numerical control technical application level and ability are analysed insufficient. B.

Systematic respect. When paying close attention to problem of numerical control industrialization from technical angle much, from the system, when the angle of industrial catenary considers issue of numerical control industrialization integratedly little; The system of form a complete set that did not build complete high quality, perfect groom, the system propping up such as service network. C.

Mechanism respect. Undesirable mechanism causes talent prediction of a person's luck in a given year, restricted technology and technical course innovation, product innovation again, and those who restricted a program is effective carry out, often plan ideal, executive difficulty. D.

Technical respect. The enterprise innovates independently in technical respect capability is not strong, the project of core technology influences ability not strong. Machine tool standard is backward, the level is inferior, research of new standard of numerical control system is inadequate. Technology of numerical control of 3 pairs of our country and the strategy that industrialization develops think 3.

Our country of 1 strategy consideration is to make big country, should accept front as far as possible in world industry move and not be the move of back end, want to master technology of advanced production core namely, be in otherwise new in structural adjustment of industry of round of international, our country manufacturing industry will be farther " empty core " . We are cost with resource, environment, market, exchanging gotten likelihood is the international in structure of world new economy merely " machining center " and " assemble a center " , and rather than masters the position of the production center of core technology, will affect the development process of our country modern manufacturing industry badly so. We should stand in the height of national security strategy to take numerical control technology and industrial problem seriously, look from social safety above all, because manufacturing industry is the industry with most population of our country obtain employment, manufacturing industry development can raise people's living standard not only, and still can alleviate the pressure of our country obtain employment, ensure social stability; Look from national defence safety next, western developed country labels product of high-grade numerical control strategic material of the country, realize embargo and limitation to our country, "Toshiba incident " and " take an examination of a gram this report " namely best paradigmatic. 3.

2 development strategy sets out from the angle of our country fundamental national condition, it is with the market demand of strategic demand of the country and national economy oriented, in order to increase line of business of our country production equipment integrated competition ability and industrialization level are a target, with systematic method, choice can line of business of production equipment of our country of 21 centuries initial stage grows dominant the content that the crucial technology that upgrade and technology of the technology propping up that supports industrialization development, form a complete set develop as research, realize production equipment line of business cross the development that jump type. Emphasize market demand be oriented, give priority to with product of numerical control terminal namely, with overall (if measure the numerical control lathe with wide bedding face, milling machine, high speed,machine tool of numerical control of Gao Jinggao function, model digitlizes equipment of key of industry of mechanical, key to wait) the development that drives numerical control industry. The key solves numerical control system and relevant function part (the accessory of system of main shaft of report of digitlization servo and electric machinery, high speed and new-style equipment) dependability and problem of scale of production. Do not have dimensions to won't have the product of high reliability; Do not have dimensions to won't have the product of the price is low and rich competition ability; Of course, without the numerical control of dimensions China equipment has the day that come forward finally hard. In respect of high-grade equipment research and development, ambitious attune is produced, learn, grind and the close together union of final user, with " do reach, use on, sell so that drop " for the target, carry out by national volition tackle key problem, in order to solve national urgent need. In respect of technology of the numerical control before competition, emphasize innovating, emphasize studying development has the technology of own intellectual property and product, develop to can last of manufacturing industry of industry of our country numerical control, equipment and even whole manufacturing industry lay a foundation. CNC Milling CNC Machining